Income Tax by Country
2025 comparison | marginal rate, effective rate and social charges (25 countries)
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| Country | Top marginal rate | Avg. effective rate | Employee social charges | Max. total burden | Region |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Denmark | 56% | 36% | 8% | 56% | European Union |
| Austria | 55% | 32% | 18.1% | 55% | European Union |
| Sweden | 52% | 32% | 7% | 52% | European Union |
| Belgium | 50% | 38% | 13.1% | 57% | European Union |
| Netherlands | 49.5% | 31% | 17.9% | 49.5% | European Union |
| Portugal | 48% | 26% | 11% | 48% | European Union |
| Norway | 47.4% | 28% | 7.9% | 47.4% | Europe |
| Spain | 47% | 28% | 6.5% | 47% | European Union |
| France | 45% | 27% | 22% | 55% | European Union |
| Germany | 45% | 28% | 20.1% | 47.5% | European Union |
| United Kingdom✓ | 45% | 24% | 8% | 47% | Europe |
| Australia | 45% | 25% | 0% | 47% | Asia-Pacific |
| Japan | 45% | 28% | 9.2% | 55% | Asia-Pacific |
| Finland | 44% | 30% | 7.5% | 51.5% | European Union |
| Greece | 44% | 24% | 13.9% | 44% | European Union |
| Italy | 43% | 26% | 9.5% | 43% | European Union |
| Ireland | 40% | 22% | 4% | 52% | European Union |
| United States | 37% | 22% | 7.7% | 40% | Americas |
| Switzerland | 36% | 20% | 6.4% | 42% | Europe |
| Mexico | 35% | 20% | 6.8% | 35% | Americas |
| Canada | 33% | 22% | 5.6% | 37% | Americas |
| Poland | 32% | 18% | 13.7% | 32% | European Union |
| Singapore | 24% | 10% | 20% | 44% | Asia-Pacific |
| Czech Republic | 23% | 18% | 11% | 34% | European Union |
| Hungary | 15% | 15% | 18.5% | 33% | European Union |
| Romania | 10% | 10% | 35% | 45% | European Union |
⚠️ Effective rates are estimates for a median-income earner and may vary based on personal circumstances.
Sources: OECD, national tax authorities (2025). Employment income, single filer, no dependents.